Vision 2030 is Saudi Arabia's grand plan to future-proof its oil-based economy. Experts say it's a huge risk.

• Vision 2030 is Saudi Arabia's grand plan to transform its economy and reduce its reliance on oil.
• The plan is also aimed at improving its citizens' lives and keeping its place on the world stage.
• The centerpiece of Vision 2030 is Neom, which includes a $1 trillion megacity known as The Line.

It was the discovery of oil under the plains of Dhahran in Saudi Arabia's eastern province in the 1930s that transformed the Middle Eastern peninsula from a modest land of bedouins steeped in religious lore into a kingdom with the power to turn the world with black gold.

That power is no longer guaranteed.