Aircraft carriers aren't the Russian navy's only problem. It has also struggled for decades to build jets for them.

• Russia's sole aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov, has been out of action for years for repairs.
• Russia's navy and its Soviet predecessor both struggled to keep their aircraft carriers operational.
• Moscow has also struggled with the other vital component of naval aviation: carrier-based jets.

In July, Russian state media reported that Russia's sole aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov, could return to active service by the end of 2024.